What is citizenship by marriage?
Italian citizenship by marriage is the process through which the spouse of an Italian citizen can apply for Italian citizenship. Unlike citizenship by descent (ius sanguinis), it is a grant by the Italian State, not an automatic right.
Requirements for naturalization
- Be married to an Italian citizen for at least 2 years (if living in Italy) or 3 years (if living abroad)
- These periods are cut in half if the couple has children
- Prove knowledge of the Italian language — B1 level (CELI, CILS or Plida)
- Have no disqualifying criminal convictions
- The marriage must still be in effect when the application is filed
How does the process work?
The application is submitted directly to the Ministero dell'Interno through its online portal. The documentation includes:
- Apostilled and translated marriage certificate
- Birth certificate of the Italian spouse
- B1-level Italian language certificate
- Criminal record certificate
- Payment of the €250 fee
Response time
The Ministero dell'Interno has a legal deadline of up to 730 days (2 years) to review the application. In practice, timelines can vary. If there is no response within 730 days, you can take legal action to compel a decision.
The Italian language exam (B1)
Since 2018, proof of B1-level Italian has been mandatory for naturalization by marriage. Accepted certificates are CELI, CILS or Plida, issued by accredited institutions.